Picasso Final Paper Free Essays

string(70) the stun waves reverbetrated and the inescapable result was Cubism. Last Paper William Kidwell ART101: Art Appreciation Instructor: Patricia Venecia-Tobin October 8, 2012 Evaluate Pablo Picasso’s Demoiselles d’Avignon. How accomplished this work reshape the craft of the mid twentieth century? Pablo Picasso’s painting Les Demoiselles d’Avignon is a superb bit of workmanship, and the style wherein the image is painted is regular of Picasso. The craftsman finished the image in the start of the earlier century, in 1907, and utilized oil on canvas. We will compose a custom paper test on Picasso Final Paper or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now For the most part, Pablo Picasso is celebrated for unnaturally twisted figures in his works of art of that year, and Les Demoiselles d’Avignon is an incredible model. The image is currently hanging in the Museum of Modern Art in New York. Pablo Picasso abhorred talking about his specialty, yet once he talked honestly about â€Å"Les Demoiselles d’Avignon,† his most prominent work of art and a touchstone of twentieth century workmanship that is 100 years of age this late spring. On this event, Picasso didn't address the subjects that transfix craftsmanship history specialists †the source of Cubism, the displacing of old avant-gardes, and the effect of non-Western workmanship. He slice through scholarly expositions to offer one of his most sincere confirmations concerning why he made workmanship. He talked about works of art as â€Å"weapons . . . gainst everything . . . against obscure, undermining spirits,† and he asserted that â€Å"‘Les Demoiselles d’Avignon’ . . . was my first expulsion painting †yes totally! † His experiences additionally return us to the possibility of workmanship as à ¢â‚¬Å"exorcism. † When Picasso talked about craftsmanship being a weapon, he was explicitly depicting African â€Å"fetishes. † He called them cautious weapons: â€Å"They’re devices. In the event that we give spirits a structure, we become autonomous. † In this sense, the fragmented spaces and amazing animals of â€Å"Les Demoiselles† distinctively exemplify approaching noxious and enticing powers †and leave them speechless. Picasso’s painting pushes us to the edge of basic encounter. It anticipates human viciousness just to trap it in the painted covering. [Jacques Doucet] neglected to offer the work of art to the Louver, and a couple of years after his demise the 10-year-old Museum of Modern Art procured a magnum opus as well as global height as the main exhibition hall of contemporary craftsmanship when it bought the composition in 1939. Since that date, â€Å"Les Demoiselles† has been persistently on general visibility (a present display at the Museum of Modern Art, â€Å"Picasso’s Demoiselles d’Avignon at 100,† is up through Aug. 7 and presentations the composition with 11 related works). However just in the previous not many years have we gotten the opportunity to see it nearly as it looked when it left Picasso’s studio in 1924. In 2003-04, MoMA attempted a full-scale preservation exertion and stripped the image of layers of varnish that somebody other than Picasso had applied. For ages, the varnish covered the physical surface and mass of Picasso’s brushwork under an anodyne sheen. Presently we see the work of art the manner in which Picasso left it †a crude, seriously broke skin of thoughts. ( Fitzgerald, M. (2007, Jul 21). Interests; relaxation amp; expressions †perfect work of art: His unladylike youngsters; in 1907, picasso’s ‘les demoiselles’ broke show. Money Street Journal. Recovered from http://search. proquest. com/docview/398999057? accountid=32521) [Pablo Picasso] took a shot at Les Demoiselles d’Avignon as he had never taken a shot at any canvas. One workmanship student of history has even guaranteed that the many artworks and drawings delivered during its half year incubation establish â€Å"a amount of preliminary work remarkable in Picasso’s profession, however without equal, for a solitary picture, in the whole history of art†. Positively, it coordinates the work specialists had customarily placed into history artistic creations and frescoes. Picasso realized he was accomplishing something significant, even progressive †yet what? What struck Picasso about African veils was the most clear thing: that they mask you, transform you into something different †a creature, an evil spirit, a divine being. Innovation is a craftsmanship that wears a veil. It doesn't state what it implies; it's anything but a window yet a divider. Picasso picked his topic decisively in light of the fact that it was a platitude: he needed to show that creativity in craftsmanship doesn't lie in arrative, or profound quality, however in formal innovation. This is the reason it’s misinformed to see Les Demoiselles d’Avignon as an artistic creation â€Å"about† houses of ill-repute, whores or expansionism. The incredible, disastrous disaster of eighteenth and nineteenth century craftsmanship, contrasted and th e brightness of a Michelangelo, had been to dismiss the demonstration of creation. That’s what Picasso impacts away. Innovation in expressions of the human experience implied precisely this triumph of structure over substance. That doesn’t mean it is detached from the world. Les Demoiselles d’Avignon couldn't be all the more naturally, sharply emotional †it is, all things considered, brimming with sex. It’s a sexuality that looks somewhat like that of, state, Klimt. Despite the fact that it rises up out of a similar debauched milieu, it does things no craftsman of the blade de-siecle had examined. In this artistic creation Picasso foresees the disclosures he made express in his cubist pictures: he everything except devastates the 500-year-old western custom of viewpoint by straightening his tissue outlines in a space that goes no place. It’s this visual savagery that frees his suggestion, since it deletes any importance or account. Such a colossal unbinding of want was remarkable in workmanship, also Christian culture. After the primary universal war, Andre Breton came to Picasso’s studio, saw Les Demoiselles d’Avignon and remembered it as the conclusive present day showstopper. Breton, the pioneer of the surrealists, found in it a work of art about the progressive hazard of the oblivious, and he was correct. (Jones, J. (2007, Jan 09). G2: Arts: Pablos punks: It’s precisely a century since Picasso painted les demoiselles d’avignon. Jonathan Jones uncovers why this blast of sex, disorder and savagery brought forth the entire of present day craftsmanship. The Guardian. Recovered from http://search. proquest. com/docview/246571101? accountid=32521) This work of art was painted in 1907. It was known as the most inventive composition since crafted by Giotto, when Les Demoiselles d’Avignon first showed up maybe the workmanship world had fell. Known structure and respresnetation were totally surrendered. The reductionism and twisting of room in the painiting was mind blowing, and separation of faces hazardous. Like any unrest, the stun waves reverbetrated and the inescapable result was Cubism. You read Picasso Final Paper in class Papers This huge work, which took nine months to finish, uncovered the genuine virtuoso and curiosity of Picasso’s energy. Out of nowhere he discovered opportunity of articulation away from present and old style French impacts and had the option to cut his own way. Picasso made many outlines and studies in anticipation of the last work. It was painted in Paris throughout the mid year of 1907. Demoiselle was progressive and dubious, and prompted outrage and difference among his nearest partners and companions. Picasso since quite a while ago recognized the significance of Spanish workmanship and Iberian model as impacts on the canvas. Demoiselle is accepted by pundits to be impacted by African innate covers and the craft of Oceania, in spite of the fact that Picasso denied the association; numerous workmanship students of history stay suspicious about his refusals. A few specialists keep up that, at any rate, Picasso visited the Musee d’Ethnographie du Trocadero in the spring of 1907 where he saw and was unwittingly affected by African and Tribal workmanship a while before finishing Demoiselles. A few pundits contend that the artwork was a response to Henri Matisse’s Le bonheur de vivre and Blue Nude. Picasso drew each figure in an unexpected way. The lady pulling the window ornament on the extreme right has overwhelming paint application all through. Her head is the most cubists of every one of the five, including sharp geometric shapes. The cubist leader of the hunkering figure experienced at any rate two updates from an Iberian figure to its present state. A significant part of the basic discussion that has occurred throughout the years fixates on endeavoring to represent this assortment of styles inside the work. The prevailing comprehension for more than five decades, embraced most eminently by Alfred Barr, the main executive of the Museum of Modern Art in New York City and coordinator of significant profession reviews for the craftsman, has been that it very well may be deciphered as proof of a transitional period in Picasso’s workmanship, a push to interface his prior work to Cubism, the style he would help imagine and create throughout the following five or six years. Since the late eighteenth century, craftsmen had been rethinking the Renaissance’s idea of pictorial space, made through the methods for straight and barometrical point of view, whereby a fixed onlooker watched a 3D square of room wherein the feeling of profundity was made by a geometric decrease of items in scale and in clearness as, obviously, they subsided into the separation.. For Picasso, this rendering of room was not, at this point legitimate on the grounds that the â€Å"fixed spectator† did not exist anymore. Presently the cutting edge observer had been changed into somebody who was in steady development, compelled to take a gander at objects from a few perspectives. Picasso got fixated on what he viewed as the behind the times creative standards overseeing the portrayal of three-dimensional structure on a level surface and with accommodating them with the new present day speeding up.

Along Came a Spider by James Patterson Compare and Contrast Book /Movie

The book â€Å"Along Came a Spider’ by James Patterson follows the pursuit of a murder examiner, Alex Cross in quest for a guilty party who had abducted two youngsters having a place with well off families. The book has a place with the class of riddle fiction, as the characters and plot of the story are made by the creative mind of the author.The battle of law to carry the lawbreakers to equity is introduced in the book. The creator uses an account which keeps up the anticipation in the story till the end. The book tends to the issue of expanding rate of wrongdoing in the cutting edge society.The plot of the story focuses on the capturing of two offspring of well off families. Alex Cross is the agent of the case, and he endeavors determinedly to get hold of the criminal, Gary Soneji. As different guilty parties are uncovered, the story takes a fascinating turn and finishes with regards to an astonishing climax.The primary characters, Alex Cross and Gary Soneji seem to be gen uine individuals, for they act in a way which shows the different parts of human instinct. I like the character of Alex Cross, for he adores his activity and conveys his obligation with sincerity.â€Å"I love my work, love Homicide,† I said with a jeer. † (Patterson 24). The book has changed my mentality about the variables that propel a person to carry out wrongdoing. Gary Soneji’s note on a mirror delivers his goal for grabbing the youngsters, â€Å"I need to be someone. † (Patterosn 145).Through the endeavors of Alex Cross, the creator has portrayed the battle of law to rebuff hoodlums and secure the individuals. The book has prompted an adjustment as I would like to think with respect to the thought processes in wrongdoing. Film Review The film â€Å"Along Came a Spider† depends on the novel by the equivalent name.Directed by Lee Tamahori, the film centers around the endeavors of Alex Cross, a specialist on trail of a sequential hijacker, in a u rban setting. The film is an anticipation spine chiller and it portrays the thinking about a criminal who in journey of notoriety, takes part in criminal activities.The film presents the corrupt ways received by human to satisfy their wants. Alex Cross, the agent and Gary Soneji, the criminal are the focal characters in the film. Gary Soneji, an instructor hijacks the little girl of a Senator, concentrating in his school.Alex Cross and Jezzie Flannigan, an operator liable for the security of the youngsters concentrating in the first class school, examine the case. Alex Cross prevails with regards to finding the genuine guilty parties, as the film finishes in a startling peak. The characters in the film are introduced as individuals with failings, so they have all the earmarks of being one among the average citizens. I like the characters in the film, for they speak to the differentiating universes of equity and wrongdoing. The film has caused me to understand the troubles experience d by an examiner while seeking after a criminal.The complexities of human psyche are portrayed in the film through the character of Gary Soneji. â€Å"I am living confirmation, that a brain is a horrible thing. † (Tamahori). The film would have been increasingly sensible if the executive had not fused acts which have all the earmarks of being improbable.The film, with its portrayal of a criminal whose expectation for perpetrating wrongdoing is accomplishing acclaim, is fascinating and exciting. The film prevails with regards to passing on the message of the executive, as it delivers before the crowds, the challenges experienced by an agent in securing the society.Comparison and Contrast The book â€Å"Along Came the Spider† by James Patterson and the film with a similar title, coordinated by Lee Tamahori are like each other to the extent the storyline is thought of. Be that as it may, there are various changes in the film while portraying the characters from the book.T he character of Alex Cross in the film is more seasoned contrasted with the character in the book. In the book, Alex Cross is having a family however in the film Alex Cross is introduced as a person without family. The third distinction in regards to the character of Alex Cross is his connection with the Jezzie Flannigan.The differentiates in the book and the film are distinguishable in the portrayal of Alex Cross. The character of Alex Cross in the film varies from the book, for Alex Cross is portrayed in the book as a youngster. He is thirty eight years of age and is gorgeous. â€Å"I was thirty eight at that point. † (Patterson 10).Being a dark, he knows about the bigot demeanor of the general public while taking a gander at him. It was this mentality of the general public which made him to pick a police profession instead of turning into a therapist. In the film, the character of Alex Cross is introduced as a more established man in contrast with the period of Cross in th e book.Alex Cross in the film appears to be a developed individual, inferable from his age. The standpoint of Alex Cross in the film is unique in relation to that of Alex in the book, as being more established the character of Alex in the film is increasingly knowledgeable about his field, and is capable at his work.The other factor that separates the character of Alex Cross in the film from that of Cross in the book is the family. The character of Alex Cross in the film is appeared as having a family. As his better half has kicked the bucket, Alex is the person who is caring for his two children.â€Å"On the authority, by the bed, was an image of Maria Cross. Three years prior, my significant other had been killed in a drive-by shooting. † (Patterson 11). The other relative living with him is his grandma. Alex Cross calls her as Nana Mama. It was a result of Nana Mama that Alex was in the field of psychology.â€Å"It’s been similar to that for very nearly thirty year s since the time Nana Mama originally took me in and concluded she could make something out of me. She made a crime investigator with a doctorate in brain science, who works and lives in the ghettos of Washington, D. C. † (Patterson 12).But in the film, Alex Cross has no family. Despite the fact that, his better half is found in a scene soothing him when his accomplice passes on, there is no notice about her in the later piece of the film. Alex Cross has no kids, thus he is liberated from any responsibilities.With no family to take care of, Alex Cross concentrates all his consideration looking into the issue of the hijacking. Albeit both the characters of Alex Cross in the book and film are committed towards their work, the character of Alex Cross in the film is completely engaged in his obligation, as he has no family to look after.The third purpose of distinction between the book and the film concerning the character of Alex Cross is his connection with Jezzie Flannigan. In the book Alex Cross goes gaga for his accomplice, Jezzie Flannigan and builds up a relationship with her.The connection of Alex and Jezzie Flannigan gives a fascinating go to the plot of the story. The character of Alex Cross in the film isn't engaged with a sentimental connection with Jezzie Flannigan; they are portrayed similarly as accomplices in the examination of the kidnappings.Alex Cross associates with Jezzie Flannigan as his accomplice who was there to help him in settling the puzzle of the seizing. The character of Alex Cross in the book is youthful and builds up an energetic connection with his accomplice, Jezzie Flannigan though the character of Alex Cross in the film is more established and is introduced has having just a dispassionate relationship with Jezzie Flannigan.Works CitedIMDb. Along Came a Spider. 9 April 2009. http://www. imdb. com/title/tt0164334/cites Patterson , James. Along Came a Spider. Great Central Publishing. 1993.

People Whose Native Language Is Not English

Individuals whose local language isn't English, however who wish to learn English as a subsequent language, must learn English as another dialect, as an expertise, as an extra methods for correspondence. They need to figure out how to articulate odd words, and which syllables to underline, and what rhythms and tonal pitches ought to be utilized. In any case, individuals whose first language is English don't need to go to class to get familiar with these things, they learn it consequently, from their folks, their family members, their companions and from regular life.For model, they don't need to ‘learn' the syntax structure, or the different structures for past, present and future tenses; they simply obtain that capacity subliminally and instinctually, from sheer presentation to the language; they don't intentionally ‘know' the guidelines of punctuation, and they most likely couldn't clarify them. By the age of three, or possibly prior, they just naturally recognize what words to use in numerous circumstance and what structure those words ought to take.However, later, as a feature of their formal instructive preparing, they will have ‘English' exercises at school, alongside different subjects, for example, Geography and History and Mathematics and so on. They might be given composing practice, and the chances to peruse writing that will grow their correspondence and learning abilities. They will be urged to peruse and compose stories and verse, and will be offered chances to turn out to be increasingly more acquainted with their local tongue and how it is utilized in various manners to impart data and thoughts. They don't have to figure out how to ‘understand' the English language.They would already be able to do that, yet by doing ‘English' as a school subject, they will grow their jargon; find elective, and possibly better, approaches to communicate. In doing as such, any little ‘mistakes' in their English will be revised e n route. ) SUMMARY †¢Those who are learning English as a ‘second language' are learning it as a totally new dialect. It is difficult to do this, however certainly justified regardless of the exertion. †¢Native-English speakers don't need to learn ‘English', they as of now ‘know' English! Be that as it may, by learning English as a school subject, their normal ‘English' is improved and created.

The Routines of Decision Making Math Problem Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Routines of Decision Making - Math Problem Example 2. The most extreme price tag for the pair of ties is $10.00, as this is the expense of creation that contrasts between the other options. On the off chance that if the cost is higher, the organization will understand a misfortune. 3. In the event that the creation increments from 10.000 units to 12.500, the fixed costs that change between the options apportioned to a couple of skis would be the accompanying: 10.000/12.500 = $0.8. The fixed expense of 100.000 ought to be viewed as when settling on the choice, as it doesn't vary between the other options. Since the remainder of the creation costs stay unaltered, we can basically include the net change in fixed expense from the all out expense of creation that fluctuates between the choices so as to get the expense of creation for a couple of ties under the new conditions: 10.00 + 0.8 = 10.80. While thinking about the since quite a while ago run (30,000 deals structure before the finish of the third year), the fixed overhead that differs between the options per pair of ties is just $0.33 (10.000/30.000). Under this business volume the organization should deliver the ties itself.

What Dynamics are Exhibited by term Mob Mentality - 550 Words

What Dynamics are Exhibited by term Mob Mentality? (Research Paper Sample) Content: Mob Mentality Rawanda MendozaInstitutional Affiliation Mob Mentality A persons mind in mob strives according to the surrounding environment. In psychological hypothesis, mob mentality denotes to a persons efforts to correspond to the rabble actions. For instance, when a person anticipates in ordered or disordered group of persons, he/she actually delicates his/her individuality and involves him/her with the surrounding environment. Thus, missing individuality refers to the mob mentality (Benson, 2010).What dynamics are exhibited by term mob mentality? Mob mentality has been elucidated as lost of individuality. Therefore, the dynamics exhibited by the term mob mentality are high emotions, keen involvement in group activities, anonymity, loss of individuality, and dispersion of individual responsibilities. So, it is clear that in a group of persons, if an individual losses his/her individuality, he/she will be considered as having the mob mentality. Furthermore, mob men tality brings a person into a very precise sate of mind. In this mentality everyone is just a part of ordered or disordered group of people. Precisely a mind controlled by the surrounding environment is the basic dynamic of the term mob mentality. How does the mood of the group influence the members involved? The mood of the group influences each single member involved, because the intensity of emotions as well as emotional affiliation to the group activity embark the individuals for joining the group. So, emotional affiliation with the group endeavors is the major influential element for members to join in. For instance, the news analysis The Psychology of Mob Mentality presented the best examples of the group mood influence on the members involved. In this piece of news, defeat of Vancouver Canucks in Stanley Cup urged the Canadians to come out and riot on the roads. Moreover, in the news analysis the basic cause behind the Canadians riot were examined as well. And, the similar to the prior examined in this essay outcomes were found. These are emotion contagion, deindividuation, and diffusion of responsibility (Dialogic, 2011). Thus, the basis of mode mentality is vitality of group actions as well as the emotional affiliation of participants. Is this always a negative, or can the group influence the individual in a positive manner as well? In the mob activities exampled above, it almost always possess negative influences. However, not all group activities contain negative influence. On macro level, there are several mob activities which have been used by the individuals in a positive manner. For instance, in history there are several mob activities that were conducted for freedom or revolution. These mob activities eventually end up with the positive achievement. Therefore, it entirely depends on the intentions of the group of people involved. Describe a specific example of how a groups mentality might positively influence the individuals that comprise it . We have several examples that give us model of positive influence of the groups mentality on individuals that comprise it. A very common example is when individuals unite and fight for re...

Freedom and Gender Complex Contradictions in Douglass and Jacobs - Literature Essay Samples

The word â€Å"freedom† in early American history was one with innumerable meanings, depending on who was hearing it. To a white male in the 19th century, freedom was prosperity through land-owning and wealth. However, to a slave in the Antebellum period, freedom was undefinable and out of reach. In the cases of Frederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs, as evidenced by their autobiographies, gaining freedom from their masters was just the beginning of their liberation as human beings in a rapidly changing society. Both of these outspoken, intelligent abolitionist writers paved a way for themselves, and thousands of other African-Americans, through the power of their words. Freedom to a slave was not only physical, but psychological, and the transition from enslavement to empowerment was one defined by personal willpower and endurance. Frederick Douglass, in his narrative, details the horrors of southern slavery and its violations on the human mind and body; Harriet Jacobs is able to fill in the gaps, as a female slave, by describing the sexual exploitation and emotional torment women and families were forced to encounter during slavery. Slave narratives are the clearest insight historians have into the daily reality of slavery; both Douglass and Jacobs show through their personal accounts that the complex institution of slavery could be effectively combatted through morality, literacy, passion, and by turning personal travesties into a hope that all people could experience the intricately complex gift of freedom. In the words of Harriet Jacobs, â€Å"Reader, be assured this narrative is no fiction† . Unsure of his birth year, Frederick Douglass was born in Maryland in what historians have guessed to be the 1818. It wasn’t uncommon for a slave to be uncertain of the exact date on which he or she was born- it was also likely that slaves had to consult their owners for this information, as families were often separated. Family separation was one of the countless hardships that a slave had to endure during his time as a slave (which, in some cases, would be their entire lives). Frederick Douglass’s biography details these horrors not only to invoke sympathy, but to reveal the ugly truths of slavery in hopes that change would be brought about. One of the most strikingly horrific scenes in his narrative depicts one of his cruel masters, Caption Anthony, whipping one of his slaves, an aunt of Frederick Douglass, in the middle of the night. He would frequently wake up to the sound of â€Å"heart-rending shrieks† as the slaveowner barbarically beat the woman while she was naked and tied to a post. Douglass remarks that â€Å"no words, no tears, no prayers, from his gory victim, seemed to move his iron heart from its bloody purpose† . These incidents would happen frequently, in addition to the daily stressors a slave would endure, including hunger, sickness, exhaustion, and a lack of proper clothing. Female slaves also had to fear the sexual exploitation of their bodies by their masters, a topic Harriet Jacobs discusses in her own personal narrative, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. Frederick Douglass’s narrative was designed not only to recount the atrocities of his life as a slave, but also to create discomfort amongst white people of society through the sheer rawness of his story. The Antebellum period was characterized by a strong presence of Christianity that influenced much of society, and even reached slave communities. Frederick Douglass had an understanding of what it meant to be a Christian even though he grew up enslaved. In his early 20s, Douglass was the slave of a Baltimore resident named Thomas Auld. Douglass reports that his master attended Methodist services, and he â€Å"indulged a faint hope that his conversion would lead him to emancipate his slaves† and â€Å"make him more kind and humane†, though he was â€Å"disappointed in both these respects† . In the eyes of the oppressed, a churchgoing man that was capable of treating his slaves with severe cruelty had a huge moral incongruity; Frederick Douglass pointed out in his narrative that society seemed unable to recognize this discrepancy. The concepts included in the Declaration of Independence- liberty, freedom, and natural rights- are equally ingrained in the Christian religion, yet somehow this doesn’t cause the upper class to reject the immorality of slavery under a religious inclination. Later in his biography, he addresses his criticism of religion, saying â€Å"to be the friend of one [Christianity] is to be the enemy of the other. I love the pure, peaceable, and impartial Christianity of Christ: I therefore hate the corrupt, slaveholding, women-whipping, cradle-plundering, partial and hypocritical Christianity of this land† . This hypocrisy is what inspired many of Douglass’s arguments in his later career as an abolitionist and writer. Editor and history professor David W. Blight comments on his efforts, saying that if â€Å"the hearts and minds of the American people were first to be persuaded of the evil of sla very, then the laws and political structure would change† . If Douglass could point out this contradiction to the general public, then perhaps their guilt could pave a way for structural change. Like Frederick Douglass, Harriet Jacobs also published a personal narrative that provided insight into the wide range of atrocities a slave experienced in their lifetime. Both authors developed a strong literate mind that would help them to become free, not only in the physical sense, but spiritually and in every other sense of the word. A key difference between the lives of these two fugitive slaves turned reformers is based on one minor yet significant detail- their gender. Editor Jennifer Fleischner, in her introduction of Jacobs’s narrative, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, comments that â€Å"although Harriet’s story is an example of the power of an individual to struggle against persecution, it is also the example of the importance of a strong family network and a supportive community in battling oppression† . Harriet Jacobs effectively introduces a female slave’s quest for liberation by starting her story with a reflection on the innocence of her adolescence. Jacobs was â€Å"born a slave; but never knew it till six years of happy childhood had passed away† . Her discovery that, to the entire white population, she and her entire family were considered property, was an incredibly jarring one, and she began to experience things that only a female slave would endure. Harriet Jacobs brought two mixed-race children into the world with a free white man that her master forbade her to marry. One of these children was a female. Jacobs said, in light of the birth of her daughter, â€Å"slavery is terrible for men; but it is far more terrible to women† . Even the joys of motherhood were inhibited by the gross institution of slavery. Jacobs also had to experience firsthand the sexual advances of a lustful slaveowner, though she was fortunate enough that he never forced himself upon her. This, by no means, meant he never physically harmed her. Upon hearing the news of her pregnancy, he cut off all her hair in a fit of r age and struck her when she tried to protest. The damage was so so severe that she was bedridden for days afterwards. Sexism is a pressing issue in society even today. For a woman in the 19th century that was legally considered property, objectification was an extreme problem that left significant emotional damage on Harriet Jacobs, yet inspired her to work towards freedom for all, especially families that were complicated by the issue of slavery. The struggles Harriet Jacobs had to endure to reach a place of empowerment is a story that is still relevant to women today, who are constantly objectified. Harriet Jacobs lived her entire life, as both a slave and a free woman, oppressed on two accounts- her race and her gender. This is why she dedicated so much of her later life to abolition work through her writing, as a way to â€Å"assert her humanity against the inhumanity of slavery† . Like Frederick Douglass, Harriet Jacobs recognized the hypocrisy in a society that valued religion, human rights, and domesticity, yet felt comfortable enslaving an entire race of people and subjecting their women and children to sexual harassment, abuse, and neglect. In letters to a trusted friend, Jacobs comments on her reasoning behind documenting her life story, and expresses her desires that the effects of her narrative would benefit women and children still suffering as slaves. Jacobs writes, â€Å"[I] come to you just as I am a po or slave Mother- not to tell you what I have heard but what I have seen- and what I have suffered- and if there is any sympathy to give- let it be given to the thousands- of†¦ Slave Mothers that are still in bondage- suffering far more than I have†¦ for their helpless Children that they may enjoy the same liberties that my Children now enjoy† . Harriet Jacobs sought a very specific emotional reaction from society following the publication of her narrative. Though she wrote using pseudonyms, she did not attempt to hide her identity as an author during her career as an abolitionist. Her words as an author could be clearly linked to her motives as a reformer. Harriet Jacobs strategically used her brand as an African-American female to break down a society that was intended to work against her, making her a perfect example of self-made liberation. Slavery was disgusting. It was cruel, unconstitutional, immoral, brutal, sexist, and racist. Any slave narrative, like those of Frederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs, will express the same sentiment. The words written in these slave narratives, both at the time of publication and even still today, leave a profound impact on the reader, causing them to question their own values and reflect on their own experiences. As painful as it was for Douglass and Jacobs to recall their experiences as slaves through writing, firsthand documentation of slavery was necessary to the advancement of society and the eventual abolition of slavery. When analyzed together, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass and Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl give a shocking illustration of the reality of slavery, both as a whole, and for individual men, women, and children. Their lives as fugitive slaves, writers, abolitionists, and important political figures helped to inspire societal change and promote the message that true and complete liberation is a journey with a destination that is more of a state of being than a physical place. Freedom is found through willpower, literacy, and a passion that drives even the most damaged and oppressed people to fight for what is right.

Family History Center Mormon Genealogy Records Near You

While almost every genealogist would love the chance to visit the famous Mormon Family History Library in Salt Lake City, its not always a possibility. For those of you in Sydney, Australia it is a mere 8000 miles (12,890 km) after all. The good news, however, is that traveling halfway around the world is not necessary for using the millions of microfilm rolls, books and other genealogical resources of this amazing library -- thanks to Family History Centers. A vast network of over 3,400 branch libraries, known as Family History Centers (FHCs for short), is open under the umbrella of the Family History Library. These Family History Centers operate in 64 countries, with more than 100,000 rolls of microfilm circulated to the centers each month. These records include vital, census, land, probate, immigration, and church records, as well as many other records of genealogical value. Located in almost all major cities, and many smaller communities, it is possible that a Family History Center is located within an easy driving distance of your home. The use of any Family History Center is free, and the public is welcome. Church and community volunteers are on hand to answer questions and lend assistance. These centers are staffed and funded by local Church congregations and are usually located in Church buildings. These satellite libraries contain a large number of resources to help you with your genealogy research including: Genealogy recordsGenealogy books and mapsFamily historiesFamily tree databases The majority of Family History Centers have a large number of books, microfilms and microfiche in their permanent collections which can be viewed at any time. However, many of the records which you will be interested in will NOT be immediately available at your local FHC. These records can be requested on loan for you by a volunteer at your FHC from the Family History Library in Salt Lake City. There is a small fee required to borrow materials from the Family History Library, around $3.00 - $5.00 per film. Once requested, the record will usually take anywhere from two weeks to five weeks to come into your local center and will remain there for three weeks for your viewing before being returned to the center. Tips on Requesting Records From the FHC You have the option of renewing your loan if you need more time.Any records that you request on microfiche can remain in your local FHC on permanent loan. Microfilm rolls that are renewed twice (a total of three rental periods) will also then stay on permanent loan at your local FHC. You can arrange this permanent loan from the beginning as well, by asking the volunteer at the Family History Center and paying for all three rentals upfront.Books which are in the Family History Library can NOT be loaned to local Family History Centers. There is an option to request that the Library microfilm a book for you, however. Ask your local FHC volunteer for assistance. If you are concerned that someone at an FHC will push their religion on you, then dont be. The Latter-Day Saints (Mormons) believe that families are eternal and encourage members to identify their deceased ancestors. They wish to share the family history information they have collected with people of all faiths. Your religious beliefs will not be an issue, and no missionaries will come to your door because you used one of their facilities. A Family History Center is a friendly, helpful place which exists solely to help you with your genealogy research. Come and take a tour of a Family History Center with FHC volunteer, Alison Forte.

Ethnography of Starbucks Essay - 1647 Words

The Status of Starbucks For my ethnography project, I decided to observe the Starbucks on Rockside Road in Independence, Ohio. My plan was to observe the subculture of Starbucks’ customers. A subculture is defined as a â€Å"structured social inequality or, more specifically, systematic inequalities between groups of people that arise as intended or unintended consequences of social processes and relationships.† My question was twofold. Does Starbucks appeal to certain social statuses? And if so, does Starbucks serve as another example of social inequality? The City of Independence has approximately 7,000 residents. The City is a hub for business, the majority of which are primarily based on Rockside Road. There are a variety of†¦show more content†¦I found that the majority of the clientele appeared to be middle or upper class individuals. It became apparent that Starbucks appealed to people of a certain socioeconomic status through their thoughtful use of products, language, dà ©cor, and location. Socioeconomic status (SES) is defined as â€Å"an individual’s position in a stratified social order,† meaning upper middle, or lower class. SES is primarily determined by income. The remainder of this paper will look at the different ways that Starbucks caters to the more privileged. First, Starbucks products are clearly designed for those with a disposable income. Realistically, who would spend almost three dollars for a small cup of coffee when you can get a jumbo coffee for .99 cents at a gas station? One reason could be quality. Starbucks claims to use high-quality whole bean coffee and sells them in a traditionally European style. But the products are not limited to coffee. Starbucks also offered a full array of organic drinks, socially conscious products, outrageously priced coffee mugs—some of which are plastic versions that prominently display their logo, and music downloads. There were two available downloads that I observed. One was a new release by a famous artist. The other was a new release by an â€Å"undiscovered† new group. Similar to the music, my observations revealed that the Starbucks patrons primarily fit into two categories. The first were businessmen and women, who enteredShow MoreRelatedStarbucksUbiquity And Personal Relevanc e Of Starbucks Ethnography1749 Words   |  7 PagesI chose the Starbucks Ethnography due to Starbucks’ ubiquity and personal relevance. Every age group knows about Starbucks, from young students in elementary school to retired seniors that are spending their days relaxing. At the place I work, a fourth grader brought a drink in. That someone so young is already drinking a Frappuccino speaks to how far Starbucks’ influence has pervaded society and strongly influenced my decision to write it. Symbolic anthropology, defined as, understanding â€Å"a cultureRead MoreCoffee House Ethnography : Starbucks On Grand Avenue, New York Near Elmhurst1163 Words   |  5 PagesMarinella Mallare Professor DeLeon Anthropology 101 27 March 2016 Coffee House Ethnography My observations of human behavior were made at Starbucks on Grand avenue, New York near Elmhurst. I chose this location due to the high customer traffic that it sees. Since it is a popular coffee shop, the customer base cuts across different multicultural sector of the population. There is a lot of variety in the backgrounds and personalities of the people visiting the shop. This quality makes any patternsRead MoreCultural Scene: Buying Coffee at the Starbucks Coffee Shop974 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Cultural Scene: Buying coffee at the Starbucks Coffee Shop Societies in the history of humanity have always been defined by the kind of culture they have developed and cultivated. Culture is considered to be the set of values, beliefs, traditional systems, and even artifacts produced by a specific group of people in a specific time or period. These values, beliefs, traditional systems, and artifacts determine the nature and dynamics of the community or society that collectively created or producedRead MoreThe Culture within Starbucks: A Reflection of Human Interaction 1716 Words   |  7 Pagesspecifically Starbucks, have increasingly become an essential part of many people’s daily life. So I was interested in how the culture within Starbucks is a reflection of natural human interaction. I chose to observe the environment and interaction of people within a suburban neighborhood Starbucks for one hour. Methodology Most ethnography is done using inductive methodology, also known as grounded theory, meaning that the theory will arise out of the collected data. I did not go in to the Starbucks withRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing Essay1196 Words   |  5 Pagesresidence Piedmont North A; I headed to Starbucks. From the speed of the wind to the coolness of the air, I could tell that the season of Fall was finally beginning. The falling leaves of the trees were starting to leave a trail, and as I was beginning to approach the establishment, the aroma of coffee beans was lingering in the air. The store was surrounded by trees out in what I call the â€Å"courtyard.† The â€Å"courtyard† was the area outside of the Starbucks where the commuters could congregate. TheRead MoreCoffee Analysis : Coffee House Ethnography1877 Words   |  8 PagesCoffee House Ethnography Anth-101 Winter 2017 Sijia Wang Introduction The National Coffee Association found that the average coffee consumption in the United States is 2.96 cups of coffee per day in 2016 (NCA Coffee Drinking Trends Survey, 2016). According to the report, daily consumption of espresso-based beverages has nearly tripled since 2008 (NCA Coffee Drinking Trends Survey, 2016). Therefore, people hang out mostly in coffee shops, where they can enjoy their time with a fresh coffee. IndeedRead MoreBeyond Awareness : Preparing Culturally Responsive1662 Words   |  7 Pagesterm paper, â€Å"videotapes of students’ discussion of their participation in the program† (Lenski et. al., 2005) and their â€Å"exit conversation with eight students† (Lenski et. al., 2005). For example, in one of the teacher’s final paper she states â€Å"ethnography is describing someone’s culture. It is to understand life from a different point of view† (Lenski et. al., 2005). Another teacher named Kelly said that if she got a jo b in an unfamiliar environment she would â€Å"spend time in the community before theRead MoreThe Basic Idea Of Marketing949 Words   |  4 PagesCognitive Mental process Information Processing Model Individual self-reporting technique Behavioral Modify behavior Respondent conditioning Observing the customers Cultural Understand context Consumer cultural theory Ethnography All the case studies discussed in this course. Hanes, Coke, Starbucks and Google, encompass all of the above. None following a single paradigm or strategy that helped them evolve from a brand to an icon. They all resonated with the mood of the user; their ideas got passed on thusRead MoreA Proposal for Starbucks Marketing Changes2812 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿July 26, 2012 Mr. Howard Schultz C.E.O. Starbucks Coffee Company 2401 Utah Avenue South Seattle, WA 98134 RE: Starbucks Marketing Changes Proposal Dear Howard: Currently, Starbucks is experiencing some serious difficulties in terms of executing its major strategies. Unfortunately, as we continue to push towards greater and greater expansion, it is clear that we are loosing some of our core customers. Many are becoming disillusioned with the idea of an overly corporate and diluted image ofRead MoreEthnography Study of Coffee House2553 Words   |  11 Pagesthe attempt of this organisation to create a coffee culture in TT. This evaluation will then inform the argument of hybridization by demonstrating how cultures exchange elements with each other thereby creating new, hybrid identities. An ethnography study was conducted at Rituals Coffee House (Rituals) located in the city of San Fernando in TT. The study was conducted between 12:00-1:30pm. Interviews were conducted on five customers to gauge how often they drank coffee and whether they believed

Essay about Analysing Berkleys Response to Skepticism

Berkeley`s states that everything is an idea and that there has to be a supreme spirit (god) out there that has the ability to put ideas in our mind. Thus, being the one who controls everything that we are able think. The way that I understood Berkeley`s argument is that he believes that the existence of â€Å"God† is essential in order to know anything from the external world. Comprehending Berkeley`s argument wasn’t an easy task, but I have come to my personal conclusion that this so called; â€Å"Supreme spirit† is not necessary for me to have knowledge about the things that I can observe. Therefore in this paper, I will argue that Berkeley`s response to skepticism is not successful because he thinks that god is the base of knowledge. Before I†¦show more content†¦This is the reason why Berkeley is determine to prove his argument by stating that everything is an idea. From beginning to end all Berkeley does is talk about ideas and their origin. Berkel ey`s response to skepticism is built on his argument â€Å"To be is to be perceived†, what he implies with that is that in order for something to exist it needs to be perceived by an observer. In other words it wouldn’t make any sense if something was real but wasn’t perceived, because if its not perceive how will you know it exists in the first place? I feel that this is probably one of his strongest arguments in the whole response. In addition, he claims that there has to be a higher being (god) who has the ability to control what we think because we have no power on what we perceive. I personally agree with part of Berkeley`s argument, he is very right when he says that everything is an idea. At the end of the day everything interacts with our mind, all of it is just an idea that we can`t control. For example, look at your left hand even if you close your eyes and wish for it to disappear, when you open your eyes again that left hand will be there. This is wh at I mean when I say â€Å"we don’t have the ability to control what we perceive†. Even if it’s not in our control when it comes to the things that we sense or observe, saying that god has authority over that is foolish. You cannot claim that something is true without having strong evidence or at least having a strong argument

Liberal And Permanent Provision Should Be Made For The...

â€Å"Universal suffrage should rest upon universal education. Liberal and permanent provision should be made for the support of free schools†. This is a quote from the 19th U.S. president, Rutherford B. Hayes, during his inaugural address in 1877. He saw education as the corner stone for full economic and political participation, which would lead the nation’s people to become more prosperous. An education should be available to anyone regardless of their economical status, because no one should be withheld from their right to succeed and become productive citizens. A free college education would benefit our society in many ways, but the major ones I would like to address are higher education rates, economic advancement, and better-informed citizens. In 2015 about thirty percent of American’s who started college graduated. The main reason behind this low percentage rate is that most students are attempting to juggle the stress that comes with their college career as well as the stress that derives from their places of employment while enrolled. With this burden that is placed on students this often leads to them extending their graduation date up to two years because they cannot dedicate the required amount of time to completing their coursework. In contrast if college education was made free, the stress from work would be completely alleviated because they will no longer have to worry about working to pay for their education. This idea is not a new one as our current publicShow MoreRelatedIs It Worth It?1394 Words   |  6 PagesCongressman and Senator from Vermont agreed, that there should be access to free college, like the one we already have in our public schools, across the United States, from kindergarten to twelfth grade. It was never like this, but it took a movement and pressure from the progressives, until it was accomplished, in the beginning of the 1890, where it became a reality all across the nation.† By 1940, half of all young people were graduating from high school. As of 2013, that number was 81 percent. But thatRead MoreCollege Education Should Be Free For All1787 Words   |  8 PagesAbner Gelin Brittany Roberts ENC1102 05 November 2015 College education should be free for all in America Education is the engine that drives a society. There was a time when a high school diploma was enough to secure a well-paying job. These days are all gone as more and more employers require a post-secondary education to even be considered for a basic employment. Competition for employment use to be limited to the local market, but with the advance of technology, American workers have to competeRead MorePolitical Parties of Texas Essay3050 Words   |  13 PagesDemocratic parties.Texas is a conservative state where the Republican Party has known success as the leading political party in Texas for recent years. It’s basic ideology can be described as conservative, Christian, and for the idea that government should play a minimum role in the lives of citizens. Republicans also believe in less government spending and taxation. The 25-page Texas Republican Platform is a detailed document that outlines the party’s beliefs and values and legislative goals. ItRead MoreLibe ral Perspective of a State7979 Words   |  32 Pagesdistinctions that were imposed on people. Liberals espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of the principles of liberty and equal rights, but most liberals support such fundamental ideas as constitutionalism, liberal democracy, free and fair elections, human rights, capitalism, free trade, and the freedom of religion. These ideas are widely accepted, even by political groups that do not openly profess a liberal ideological orientation. Liberalism encompasses severalRead MoreFree Will: Do Humans Have Total Control Over Their Lives? Essay2098 Words   |  9 Pagesthe unchangeable destiny and fate. The Ancient Greeks believed that gods were the ones who guided every step of their life. Destiny could not be avoided and should be followed. Nowadays, in the 21st century, this notion of destiny has completely faded away. When we arrive in this world, the first principle of life that we learn is that free will surrounds our being; we are autonomous human beings and therefore we are respo nsible for our own actions whether these are right or wrong; if wrong, weRead MoreCongressional Era Of Reconstruction During Post Civil War Reconstruction2634 Words   |  11 PagesCongressional era of Reconstruction began, this view was squandered under federal punishment of the South. This policy led to strained relations between Congress and the ex-Confederate states. The difference of opinion was over how harshly the South should be punished for leaving the Union. The South wanted to be readmitted with as little friction as possible, so they sided with the Democrats, like Robert E. Lee, and Moderate Republicans. Congress on the other hand, being mostly controlled by RadicalRead More Student Democratic Party Platform Essay3533 Words   |  15 Pagespromote early childhood education. Another program that deserves further attention is promotion of after-school programs in all school districts, thereby providing children of working families a safe environment. The Democratic Party strongly opposes the school voucher system promoted by the Republican Party. Vouchers take away federal funding from the school systems and in turn private schools will benefit by getting the highest performing students and the families with the most ability to pay forRead MoreThe Acquisition, Use, And Disposition Of School Property8925 Words   |  36 PagesDISPOSITION OF SCHOOL PROPERTY by MICHAEL LOONEY A DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in the Department of Educational Leadership, Policy, and Technology Studies in the Graduate School of The University of Alabama TUSCALOOSA, ALABAMA 2009 Copyright Michael Looney 2009 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT This study examines the historical development of case law pertaining to the acquisition, use, and disposition of school district propertyRead MoreUnderstanding Safeguarding of Children and Young People4542 Words   |  19 Pagessubject of an emergency protection order, or (ii) is in police protection; and (b) have reasonable cause to suspect that a child who lives, or is found, in their area is suffering, or is likely to suffer, significant harm: * Finally to provide support to address the needs of the child to ensure safe outcomes The Working Together to Safeguard Children 2013 sets out new guidelines which all of the following must adhere to: * Local authority Chief Executives and Directors of Children’s ServicesRead MoreSocial And Legal Aspects Of The Church And The State4621 Words   |  19 Pagestheir separation in modern society is a valid question in the light of humanitarian issues. Research and history have over time illustrated that the maintenance of separate entities of the two is at times important for the continued success of both free will, as well as the proper functioning of society. Deportation of illegal immigrants in the United States has been a big debate for a long time. It is estimated that there are approximately 4.5 million of undocumented illegal immigrants, calling for

Australian Taxation Law Intangible Investment

Question: Describe about the Australian Taxation Law for Intangible Investment. Answer: Case Study 1 Calculation of Net Capital Gain or Loss of an Individual It is important to calculate net capital gain or loss of an individual for bringing solutions whereby Fred is an Australian Resident. In other words, Fred is not responsible in conducting any other kind of trading business (Ato.gov.au. (2016). In the present year, Fred had sold his holiday home and it was his direct assets rather any other types of trading stock. Addition to that, Fred had never generated revenues earlier from its present assets. Calculation of Net Capital or Loss Discounted as well as Indexation method are used for making the calculation of net income or gain in the current financial year. Name of Taxpayer : Fred Type : Individual Calculation of Net Capital Gain/Loss for the period ending on 30th June,2016 Discounted Method Indexation Method Particulars Amount Amount Amount Amount $ $ $ $ a) Sale of Holiday Home : Sales Consideration 800000 800000 Less : Cost Base of the Property 100000 148043 Legal Fees on Sales (Exclusive of GST) 1000 1000 Commission of Real Estate Agent 9000 9000 Stamp Duty on Purchase 2000 2961 Legal Fees on Purchase 1000 1480 Construction Cost of Garage 20000 133000 23853 186338 Capital Gain on Sale 667000 613662.3 Less : 50% Exemption on Capital Gain 333500 Taxable Capital Gain (A) 333500 613662 Less : Capital Loss of Previous Year 10000 10000 Net Taxable Capital Gain 323500 603662 Table: Calculation of Net Capital Gain or Loss (Source: Created by Author) Major key Assumptions It has been noticed that Fred has acquired related asset after 20th of September in the year 1985 (gov.au. 2016). This means the figure will be considered as CGT assets. It should be further eligible for taxable capital gain or loss for computation purpose Acquisition of asset was done before 21st of September 1999. This means the cost base as well as other expenses incurs for given period for asset purchasing. It can be easily evaluated using the indexation method for calculation purpose. Additionally, Fred has made garage on that particular property. This can be even be taken for as substantial improvement. Therefore, garage construction cost includes from the deductible expenses (gov.au. 2016). It was conducted before 21st of September 2999 as well as calculated using indexation method. In accordance with Australian Taxation rules, acquisition of assets before 21st of September 1999 means individuals applying for any types of method for calculation (Pearce and Pinto 2015). This can be either discounted method or indexation method especially for capital gain or loss calculation purpose In case of discounted method, taxpayer are liable to get exemption of capital gains of any of the given assets as it is owned by certain taxpayers for given period of 12 months. Holiday home was acquired by Fred for a period of 19 years. Fred can even claim exemption of 50% using discounted method (Chan 2014). As far as shares are concerned, it can be easily treated as assets such as real estate property. Net capital loss on sale of shares figures are taken from the previous year (Conesa and Domnguez 2013). This can be even adjusted using current year net capital gain especially from property sale at the same time. Summarized analysis The above analysis can be concluded that net capital gain has been calculated for Fred using discounted method amounting to $323500. In case of using indexation method it amounted to $603662. As far as discounted method is concerned, Fred needed to pay less tax especially on capital gains and should consider discounted method. It requires making the computation on net capital gain amounting to $323500 (Eccleston 2013). Net Capital Gain Consequences It is viewed that Antique vase was under collectable status. In accordance with Australian Taxation rules, calculation was made for net capital loss especially from sale of collectables that requires to be adjusted with capital gains (Jones 2016). In that case, net capital loss undertaken from previous years arises from antique vase sales that cannot be adjusted in accordance with net capital gains. It involves sale of house property. In other words, Net capital gain of Fred arrives at $333500. Case Study 2 Part A Calculation of Fringe Tax benefit of Periwinkle Pty Limited as per the consequences In this particular case study, it is assumed that Periwinkle Pty Limited is an employer company. This is an Australian Company entitled to gain tax benefits as provided by small business entities. This particular company aims at providing few benefits to Emma considers as an Employer. It is assumed to be an Australian Resident. Addition to that, this company entitles in gaining fringe benefits for various additional benefits (Woellner et al. 2012). It is required to check on the FBT consequences in relation with such benefits need discussion with proper justification. Car Fringe Benefit In the particular case study, Emma was found using car for private as well as office purposes. Benefits from car need to be included in the car fringe benefits. At the time of foreign visit, Emma parked the car at airport rather parking on the office premises (Evans, Minas and Lim 2015). This car was kept in the garage and requires annual maintenance. This does not require unscheduled repairing. Therefore, car remained unused for number of days involved in the calculation of FBT. It requires using statutory method whereby car benefit of the company provided by Emma. The calculation shown as under: Calculation Of Car Fringe Benefit:- Particulars Details Total Kms. Travelled during the FBT year A 10000 No. of Days in the FBT year B 366 No. of Days of Travel C 336 Annualised Kilometers (A x B/C) 10892.857 Statutory Rate as per Annualised Km. E 20.00% Cost Base F $33,000 No. of Days available for Private Use C 336 No. of days in FBT Year B 366 Taxable Value (FxExC)/B $6,059.02 Table: Calculation of Car Fringe Benefits (Source: Created by Author) FBT for Interest on Loan In case of any kind of loan interest, it is needed by an employee with employee for considering required fringe tax benefits. Rate of interest on loan arrived to be 4.45% that is considered lower in comparison with the benchmark of loan interest such as 5.95% (Faccio and Xu 2015). FBT calculation based upon the actual rate of interest. FBT of company for loan interest are rendered by an employee as well as calculated as under: Calculation of Interest on Loan for FBT:- Particulars Details Loan to Employee A $500,000 Benchmark Interest Rate B 5.95% Actual Interest Rate C 4.45% Taxable Value Interest on Loan D = (AXC) $22,250 Table: Calculation of Interest on Loan for FBT (Source: Created by Author) FBT for Special Discount Rate In this case, employee can easily claim for any FBT for gaining special discount. It is provided to employee based upon own product. FBT calculation is conducted at 75% that is on normal selling price (Harding 2013). Calculation is shown as under: Calculation of Special Discount for FBT:- Particulars Amount $ Market Price of the Bathtub A 2600 Special Price for the Employee B 1300 Taxable Value of the Bathtub C=A x 75% 1950 Taxable Value of Benefit C - B 650 Table: Calculation of Special Discount for FBT (Source: Created by Author) FBT Calculation In this case, car expenses are inclusive with GST and equalizes by multiplication of FBT values in relation with gross up rates. As far as fringe tax benefits are concerned, it considers general companies as 49% (Hodgson and Pearce 2015). For the purpose of FBT calculation, liability of Periwinkle Pty Limited calculation is discussed below: Name of Taxpayer : Periwinkle Pty. Ltd. Type : Company Calculation of Fringe Benefit Tax for the period ending on 31st March,2016 GST Inclusive GST Free Particulars Amount Amount $ $ Car Benefit 6059.02 Interest on Loan 22250 Sale at Special Rate 650 Total of GST Inclusive/Free Benefits 6059.02 22900 A B Gross-up Rate 2.1463 1.9608 C D Gross-up Value 13004.47 44902.32 E = A x C F=B X D Total Taxable Fringe Benefit 57906.79 G = E + F Fringe Benefit Tax Rate 49% J Fringe Benefit Tax Liability 28374.33 K = G x J Table: Calculation of Fringe Benefit Tax (Source: Created by Author) Part B Alternative Consequences In case Emma would have purchased shares herself as well as earned dividend from these shares then she need to pay tax on such income (Jacob and Jacob 2013). Total FBT value as well as FBT liability of the employer considered to be lesser based upon the income amount by an employee from loan amount at the same time (Stilwell 2016). Reference List Ato.gov.au. (2016).How to calculate your FBT | Australian Taxation Office. [online] Available at:https://www.ato.gov.au/General/fringe-benefits-tax-(fbt)/how-to-calculate-your-fbt/ [Accessed 30 Aug. 2016]. Ato.gov.au. (2016).Loan and debt waiver fringe benefits | Australian Taxation Office. [online] Available at: https://www.ato.gov.au/General/Fringe-benefits-tax-(fbt)/In-detail/Employers-guide/Loan-and-debt-waiver-fringe-benefits/?page=8#8_8_Reduction_in_taxable_value_where_interest_would_have_been_deductible_to_employee [Accessed 30 Aug. 2016]. Ato.gov.au. (2016).Property fringe benefits | Australian Taxation Office. [online] Available at: https://www.ato.gov.au/General/Fringe-benefits-tax-(fbt)/In-detail/Employers-guide/Property-fringe-benefits/?page=4#Goods_manufactured_or_produced_by_the_provider [Accessed 30 Aug. 2016]. Chan, C., 2014. Earnouts and CGT: Fine-tuning the.Tax Specialist,18(1), p.27 Conesa, J.C. and Domnguez, B., 2013. Intangible investment and Ramsey capital taxation.Journal of Monetary Economics,60(8), pp.983-995 Eccleston, R., 2013. The Tax Reform Agenda in Australia.Australian Journal of Public Administration,72(2), pp.103-113 Evans, C., Minas, J. and Lim, Y., 2015, September. Taxing personal capital gains in Australia: an alternative way forward. InAustralian Tax Forum(Vol. 30) Faccio, M. and Xu, J., 2015. Taxes and capital structure.Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,50(03), pp.277-300 Harding, M., 2013. Taxation of dividend, interest, and capital gain income Hodgson, H. and Pearce, P., 2015. TravelSmart or travel tax breaks: is the fringe benefits tax a barrier to active commuting in Australia? 1.eJournal of Tax Research,13(3), p.819 Jacob, M. and Jacob, M., 2013. Taxation, dividends, and share repurchases: Taking evidence global.Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,48(04), pp.1241-1269 Jones, D., 2016. Capital gains tax: The rise of market value?.Taxation in Australia,51(2), p.67 Pearce, P. and Pinto, D., 2015. An evaluation of the case for a congestion tax in Australia Stilwell, F., 2016. Taxing times in Australian capitalism.Australian Socialist,22(1), p.2 Woellner, R., Barkoczy, S., Murphy, S., Evans, C. and Pinto, D., 2012.Australian taxation law. CCH Australia

Dell case Essay Example For Students

Dell case Essay Case comprehensionDell Computer Corporation was founded in 1984 by Michel Dell, as a result of a growing demand for his pre-formatted hard-disks and upgraded IBM-compatibles. Within a year, Dell introduces its first own-design computer system and in 1989, the company introduces its first laptop. The first laptop introduced did not live up to the Dell standards, and was therefore taken off the market again. Dell had to solve the problem of balancing the production of laptops, desktops and servers. On the laptop market, which Dell was committed to re-enter due to its growing customer base, there were a number of technological problems. Dell had hired John Medica, lead developer of Apple computers Powerbook line, and according to him, only one of the laptops being developed would be able to compete on the market. However, it would take some time before it was fully developed, so Dell had to reject their customers demand for laptops. In doing so, Dell made the customers understand that it would not take forever. Dells way to approach the fact that the company was not able to fulfil the customers wishes, was through honesty. The question was whether this strategy was an advantage for Dell or not. The brand Dell? which serves various consumer segments, is efficiently delivering attributes such as good quality computers along with operative support services. Dell takes position in direct communication with customers and delivers build-to-order computers. The value created by using the direct model to sell customized products and by providing on-site service ranked Dell between market leaders IMB, Compaq, HP. It represents good performance machines at a reasonable price as well as unique and distinctive Direct Model? while targeting corporate, medium and small sized businesses and home office consumers. The advantage of a strong brand, investment in R;D and direct communication with the customers could successfully lead the company into the laptop market. However, the laptop market differs from the desktop market in a number of ways. For Dell the main problem will be the manufacturing process. When producing laptops, most parts will be delivered by suppliers and Dell just ads th e last parts. This limits the degree of customization possible and since one of Dells most important distinguishing features is computer customization, the company risks not attracting customers. Dell needs to find a way of approaching their former and present customers as well as trying to gain new customers, making their offer interesting to both sides. The new challenge the company faces is to decide whether or not to continue the with the direct business model for the laptop market, or if the Dell should follow its competitors and sell through the retail market. Situation analysisDue to a changing market environment and existing product life-circle there is a need for the company to revise its present business units and to think about further expansion. There is a shift in customer demand and therefore it is crucial for Dell to recognize in what ways best to satisfy the customers?needs. Dell is considering if re-entering the laptop market is profitable and advisable for the company and whether the distribution channel should be based on the direct model or the indirect model (the retail market). Dell has successfully restructured the management team and hired John Medica, from Apple. Medicas team is developing a new line of Dell laptops, and together with advanced and newly introduced technology this creates an expectation of large profits from the portable production. The main issues related with entering the laptop market are: reduced degree of customization possible in laptops, competitors who are already established on the market, the customers that were once disappointed with Dells low quality laptops and how to distribute the laptops. .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568 , .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568 .postImageUrl , .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568 , .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568:hover , .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568:visited , .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568:active { border:0!important; } .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568:active , .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568 .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9e2dae62c864251951e2054e002f0568:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Early life of Giotto di Bondone EssayThe reduced degree of customization indicates that production and assembly strategies may have to be changed from the one used for desktops in order to make the laptop manufacturing successful. As the demand for portable computers was growing Dells competitors (IBM, Compaq, Apple) were already gaining a great share of the market. Dell also needs to consider how to convince former customers to buy the improved computers. Furthermore, it is crucial for the company to decide between implementing the direct distribution strategy or the retail channel. All together these issues led to one main concern ?how to make the entering into laptop ma rket successful?The goal of entering the laptop market is to expand the company and to offer customers the high-quality customized computers they want at a competitive price, as quickly as possible and backed by great service. In order to reach these goals Dell needs to gain advantage in production cost and to select an effective distribution channel. The drawbacks that makes this situation difficult is the bad past experience and the need of new educated employees in service and manufacturing sectors, as well as the need for new suppliers. The distribution question is also essential, because many small office and home buyers prefer purchasing through the retail channel where they can see and touch the product, whereas Dell communicates with customers directly through the Internet. Before deciding between the alternatives, it is necessary to look into the internal and external situation of the company. ?Strengths Previous withdrawal from the laptop market was made in a decent way: Dell effectively communicated with its customers, shareholders and suppliers, and everyone was told about the problem and Dells plan to correct it in a straightforward manner. Accordingly Dell didnt lose the trust of its stakeholders. The companys previous failure of entering the laptop market should be seen as strength, because the large-scale loss has given Dell an experience and will make the company more careful and cautious when choosing production methods and penetration strategies, as well as more detailed in pursuing RD. Customer segmentation: by segmenting customers Dell can effectively serve individual needs, and take into consideration the difference between selling to large corporations and individual customers. Reputation built on Dells unique and distinctive distribution: by distributing directly, Dell can successfully communicate with customers and focus more on individual needs. The companys strategy to build the computers according to customers specification results in low inventory costs. The companys desire to experiment without being afraid of taking risks that could bring failure as well. The IT industry is ever changing, and being innovative is a must if a company wishes to be successful. ?Weaknesses The need to form market share in the laptop market from nothing. Reentering the market causes further production costs (investments in new technology, new specialized employees, restructure assembly line and etc.). Lower degree of customization that is possible for laptops and this in turn limits Dells ability to produce customized laptops which is its main feature of success. ?Opportunities Companys expansion to new market. New potential customers and the need to redeem lost customers in terms of laptop production keeping in mind previous failure. Possibility to take advantage in delivering products faster and providing service in competitively effective manner. ?Threats Facing already well operating and widely spread competitors. Other companies are adopting Dells direct model Dell is losing its uniqueness. The threat of rejection to buy Dells portables, because some former customers are prejudging Dell as producing low-quality laptops.

Hernando Cortez Essay Example

Hernando Cortez Essay Hernando Cortez was born in 1485 in Medellin, Extremadura.He studied law at the University of Salamanca but left after two years and decided to try in the Americas. Cortez went to Santo Domingo in 1504. In 1511 he became the mayor Cuba. In 1518 Cortez went to Mexico.In 1519, Cortez, with 600 men, and 20 horses, set sail from Cuba.Cortez sailed along the coast of Yucatan and in 1519 landed in Mexico, taking the town of Tabasco. Cortez learned from the natives of Tabasco of the Aztec Empire and its ruler, Montezuma II.Cortez took many of the locals prisoners, one was, Malachi.She was the interpreter, guide, and counselor for the Spanish.So the soldiers would not desert and spread the news to Cuba, Cortez destroyed his ships.Montezuma talked to Cortez to get him to stay away from the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan.Cortez then started to march inland. He defeated the native Tlaxcalans and then they joined sides with Cortez against the Aztecs.This proved to be a very tight alliance between these two people.Montezuma decided not to try and fight the Spanish, but to wait for them to come and to learn what they where there for.On November 8, 1519, Cortez entered the city.Some think that the Aztecs may have believed Cortez was a legendary god-king who was expected to return from the east. The soldiers were allowed to go through the city and take all the gold and other treasures they wanted.Cortez still believed that there would be attempts made to drive him out.So to be safe, he captured Montezuma and made him provide a ransom of gold and jewels.After a while harsh rules had made the Aztecs mad.A revolt against the Spanish started. They surrounded and attacked Cortez.Montezuma tried to stop the revolt, but he was stoned, and he died three days later. The Spanish were driven out of the city on June 30, 1520.In July, 1520, Cortez reached Tlaxcala.There he reorganized his army with some re

Sample Essay - Korean Food Trends to Be Used for An Online Course

Sample Essay - Korean Food Trends to Be Used for An Online CourseSample Essay Help to Improve the Passage of a Korean Course in North America Korean cuisine in North America has been rapidly becoming a popular choice among students. This popularity can be attributed to the fact that they have been proven to offer a wide variety of food trends that are readily available on the market today. To ensure that students master the basics of this cuisine, they need to sample essays that are well written to help them grasp the essentials of the art.However, writing essays on Korean food is not an easy thing to do. It involves a great deal of research and studying in order to come up with the best possible content for it. There are a number of things that must be taken into consideration when trying to write an essay on Korean cooking. You should consider three major considerations before you attempt this course.First, it is imperative that you understand the Korean language and what Korean fo od trends are. Korean is a rather complex language that has been constructed from three separate languages, including Korean, Chinese, and Japanese. A simple study of these languages will help in your research. If you are a beginner to the language, you may want to choose to sample essays that involve complex subjects like mathematics or science. This will help you avoid the grammar that most Korean learners have problems with.In addition, if you are trying to learn Korean, there are a number of food trends that you need to know about. This is because the best Korean food trends include some of the most recognized styles of food that you would ever see. Thus, it is important to pick up samples from different cultures so that you would have a wider perspective of what you will find out there.Second, before you can sample essay about Korean food trends, you need to learn the basics. This means that you need to spend enough time and effort researching about the culture so that you woul d know how to prepare meals that are consistent with those meals. You also need to know what foods to be avoided in order to make certain that your meat dishes and seafood dishes are at par with Korean style. With the number of influences that you can have on Korean cuisine, it is easy to get confused about it.One of the best essay samples on Korean food trends that you can choose to use is one that was written by Chosun International. This article includes both foods that you can eat and foods that you can't eat. The first is the list of foods that can be eaten, while the second is the list of foods that can't be eaten. These two lists will serve as a foundation for the rest of your research.After this, it is time to move on to some more Korean food trends that will allow you to explore more common Korean foods. There are certain foods that have common names. So you would be able to gain better insight into how to prepare these foods. And because the essay has so many foods to look at, it will not be hard to adapt the essays to your own personal style.At the end of the day, this type of essay sample can help you get through the reading process of Korean cooking. Take some time to learn as much as you can, and be sure to look up sample essays online to expand your knowledge of Korean food trends.

Necessity Never Made a Good Bargain Essays

Necessity Never Made a Good Bargain Essays Necessity Never Made a Good Bargain Paper Necessity Never Made a Good Bargain Paper Necessity Never Made a Good Bargain John Steinbeck The Pearl is a story about a poor Indian, Kink, who finds a massive pearl. Kink plans to sell this pearl and pay for his sons education. He also plans to have a wedding in the church. Kink needs this money. Therefore when he shows his pearl to the buyers, the buyers have complete control. Kink can only make as much as the buyers pay. The buyers are all working together, so Kink Is going to get cheated. John Steinbeck once said, l know this A man got to do what he got to do (www. Goodness. Com). Kink has to sell the pearl, because he needs the money. Since It Is necessary to sell the pearl, Kink must settle. Kink however does not settle and In the end he loses his son and throws the pearl back Into the water. Necessity proves no help to Kink and so he makes no money. Pawn shops are handy when someone needs quick cash. Often people who go to a pawn shop are rather desperate for cash. Pawn shops use this to their advantage. People bring items in that the shop owner can purchase from them. The shop offers the seller a low price for the item they are trying to sell. In this situation beggars cant be choosers (anonymous). Most of the time the seller accepts the price and test ripped off However, they accept this, because they know they need the money and they have no other way to get it. Hotels have also caught on to this idea. They claim their hotel room mini bar is for the guests convenience; yet they make the prices of these items much higher than their value. People will get something out the mini bar when they need it. These people must pay the hotel twice as much simply because the item was a necessity. Necessity sometimes robs people, other times it is a good thing. When a soldier rushes onto the battle field, they need to be brave. Time has roved that soldiers fight better when they fight for a cause they believe in. When the soldiers are fighting for something they want very badly or need, they have do not fear death. Caucus Saluting Crisps wrote a book about the war of Catalina in it he said, Necessity makes even cowards brave (Assault 58). When people need a revolution or change, they know they must fight for it. People who would not normally fight are now willing to risk their lives because they need the change. The slaves of Haiti were able to overthrow the French and British armies because they were not afraid. They needed to win the war or they would be killed.

Causes of Conflict

Scarce resources are very important to the country. It is a source of revenue for the country and it can be sold off for money and as raw resources for industrialization. Thus, countries would want to compete for scarce resources. An example would be the Iceland-britian conflict. As Iceland depends on the fishing industry for survival, its source of revenue comes from the fish caught. In 1970s, the number of fish, especially cod, dropped by 1/3 and these were due to the over fishing of Belgium, german and britian on Iceland seas. Thus, Iceland has came up with measures in controlling the number of fish caught to the UN but most were ignored. As 79% of the total export comprises of fresh fish and fish products, it is important for Iceland to maintain a sustainable levels of fish stocks in the seas around Iceland. Source of economic survivals is threatened, Iceland had to fight to ensure that this source of natural resource is sustained. This conflict resulted in Iceland breaking displomatic ties with britian. When a country’s scarce resources is being threatened, they have to fight back as it is their main source of revenue and survival. Losing the main source of scarce resource ewould lead to economic downfall, jobs and livelihood at stake resulting in poverty Different values and benefits. Countries fight over different values and benefits due when they feel that it is being threatened by others. This is evident in the Korean war. Korea is being separated into 2 halves in the 38th parallel after the Japanese surrended in the 1945. The Russian occupied the north of parallel and the American occupied the south of parallel. Attempt of un to establish a single government failed as the north parallel did not want to have an election in the north. North korea was then created and became a communist party whereas south korea was then created and became democratic party. Both the government claimed that they both have the rights to rule the Korean peninsula. China, afraid that the north korea would be influenced by the south korea’s democractic system, helped and supported north korea in the war of north korea and south korea to spread communism. This showed that when countries come into conflict to extend their balue systems to other territories and also protect their value systems from being threatened to fight back

Is it right to reject the concept and practices of development Essay

Is it right to reject the concept and practices of development Critically discuss with reference to at least one practical example of political activism. - IR - Essay Example In view of the global stratifications, development entails the various levels of political, social and economic achievements of the country in consideration. In achieving these set standards defining development, the countries meet various challenges as they structure their concepts and practices for development. These concepts and practices constitute development agenda for the various countries. In the discourse of development, the sectors of the concepts and practices incorporate the three key essentials of economic, social and political milestones in development (Ove, 2013, p 313). All these concepts emanate from the various political activism procedures, developing the concepts and procedures accordingly. For instance, in analyzing the concepts of development form the economic perspective, various theories and approaches as well as challenges to these concepts are evident. Escobar, as he seeks to evaluate the concepts of economic development in the relation to third world countries, he notably states and evaluates the role of economists in the processes incorporated in development (Escobar, 1995, p 7). Thus, this as a starting point, considering the concept of economic perspectives in development, several factors come into consideration. Firstly, what constitute the economy of the country in question, as well as, the facilitators of this concept of development. The economy of a country vastly defines the class it belongs to in the global stratifications. Economic power is essentially the driving factor of development although it may not sustain the entire development process on its own (Bhatia, 2012, p 131). The concept of development form economic approach encompasses, firstly, the concept of resources that the country posses in determining its success level (Santander, 2014, p 65). The factor of distribution of natural resources within the various geographical locations is a relatively highly controversial concept in the process of

Market Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Market - Research Paper Example Other characteristics of free market economy are free trade fairs without subsidies or tariffs from the government. One of the most outstanding free market economies is that the government has very limited powers in a free market economy because marker powers regarding price control are set by buyers and sellers. Since the government lacks direct control of business operations regarding prices, sellers are likely to exhaust buyers through high prices (Chai 24). The government powers are restricted to providing law and order in the market operations and ensuring that only fair competition is charged. The government does not have control over participants’ entry to the market. This means that the government does not stipulate any rules regarding tariffs and subsides. Therefore, it is an economic system whereby only the fittest survive. In such economy, the government does not play any role that may favour or discourage business partners as only the involved parties regulate the transactions and prices. The government is restricted to making possible flow and functioning of the business environment through implementing policies and laws that guarantee people rights and freedoms to property. Therefore, the government is not a competitor or a market player but enhances business operations by creating a suitable business environment (Friedman 19). China is a mixed economy since the government and the private sector have an influence in the economy thus having both characteristics of both free market economies and controlled economy. Majority of mixed economies have strong government regulations as the government provides public goods and government run enterprises. In mixed economies like china, production of goods and services are mainly conducted by the private sector whereby markets are the major controllers and coordinators of economy. The driving forces within mixed markets are profit seeking enterprises and capital accumulation. Unlike pure free market e conomy in china, the government has larger indirect control over the economy by implementing monetary and fiscal policies and regulations. These policies counteract economic challenges and capitalisms’ influence towards financial crisis and challenges towards unemployment. The government has a central place in providing social welfare and making sure that public goods are available to the public (Chai 52). In general, the degree of freedom in a mixed economy against government regulations varies. The government is often responsible for providing environmental protection, maintaining unemployment standards, and controlling competition. China may not fit to be a free market economy since the government has strong control over inflation and rural spending (Friedman 35). China has been successful since its government is vibrant ion deficit funding programs since 1998 as well as endorsement of exports by tax rebates. When public demand is low due to anti-inflation, export promotio ns and monetary policies chip in to create a difference. When public demand is strong, the promotion of external export by government relaxes. Statistics show that the stock market activities are high because households and other enterprises prefer their funds in more liquid forms. Due to inflation surge, the government sets policies and regulations to correct the economic situation. Government policies in

The Process of Respiration Essay -- Science

Aerobic: in general 1. occurs in presence of oxygen. 2. CO2 and water is produced 3. lot of energy is liberated (38 ATP) 4.occurs in plants' and animals' cells 5. C6H12O6 --> CO2 + H2O + ATP (Energy) ATP from aerobic respiration of glucose For longer periods of exercise muscle cells need oxygen supplied by the blood for aerobic respiration. This provides far more energy (36 molecules of ATP from each molecule of glucose), but the rate at which it can be produced is limited by how quickly oxygen can be provided. This is why you can’t run a marathon at the same speed as a sprint. Anaerobic: 1. occurs in absence of oxygen 2. Lactic Acid or Alchol is produced 3. relatively small energy is liberated (2ATP) 4. occurs in many anaerobic bacteria and human muscle cells. 5. in muscles, lactic acid is produced while bacteria as Yeast produces Alcohol (Ethanol) 6. C6H12O6 --> Lactic acid / C2H5OH + ATP ATP from anaerobic respiration of glucose Anaerobic respiration doesn’t provide much ATP (2 ATP molecules for each glucose molecule),but it is quick, since it doesn’t r...

Do you agree that Yeats creates a scene of tragic intensity in Purgatory?

Do you agree that Yeats creates a scene of tragic intensity in Purgatory, or is the play too short and the characters too thinly evinced for this to be the case? The play Purgatory was written in 1938 by Yeats as a single-scene play revolving around the idea of tragic intensity. Yeats was a philosophical writer, choosing meaningful subject matters to discuss in his work. In this case, he chose to symbolise the destruction of Ireland created by the controversy of religion after being inspired by other plays such as Shakespeare's Hamlet and using the definitions set out by Aristotle after he studied the elements that made up a great tragedy. In order to create a successful tragedy, Yeats used the Aristotelian unities: time, action and place. The timing of the play ensures a strong plausibility as the action is all dealt with in real-time, therefore reducing the imagination needed on behalf of the audience increasing the plausibility. The setting throughout the play is in a confined place upon the stage with very few changes made, allowing little release of tension. This intimate setting forces closeness between the characters and audience: though it finishes with the Old Man abandoning the scene leaving it desolate. The complexity of Shakespeare's Hamlet, there are more precise actions and plot in Purgatory, making it easier to understand, and allowing the seemingly simple plot to have all attention on it, resulting in a claustrophobic and tense atmosphere. In Purgatory there are only two characters for the audience to focus on, which provides enough space and time in his play to create characters that are evinced clearly enough to serve their purpose as model examples of an old and a young boy, which provides the plot with a deeper impact. Due to the relationship between the father and son, there is intensity between the characters as they should share a close bond and yet they both ignore and insult each other with snide remarks such as â€Å"silly old man. † Yet, the characters do share an attempted intimacy as the Old Man retells his painful and distressing story in the form of a monologue that is interrupted by the Boy. The Boy is ignored and this increases the drama and emphasizes the communication difficulties between the characters. Although Yeats characterises the Old Man and Boy to an extent, the lack of details reinforces the cold and detached elements of the play, and without names they are left unidentified to the audience and therefore could appear as symbolisations of anyone. Fear of the supernatural emerges from the fear of the unknown, and Yeats uses this idea to extend his tragic scene by presenting the ghosts as a misunderstood and mysterious element due to the Old Man not knowing how to prevent the ghosts from returning. He also doesn't know how to deal with them, which can be seen in the way he attempts communicate with his mother by shouting â€Å"Don't let him touch you! † despite knowing that she cannot hear him and he cannot interfere. Death is a foreboding unknown in everyone's life that most are afraid of, and in Purgatory Yeats uses this to foreshadow the Boy's death as the he mentions â€Å"Now I am young and you are old. † This creates confusion and tension as it is unclear who will die. Although the ghosts' role in the play is limited, their presence is a constant reminder of past events, present actions and the future to come that all relates to death. This tension and the compactness of the play help to increase the intensity as well as invoke fear in the audience, which contributes to the final catharsis Yeats uses cyclical chronology within the play to illustrate the idea of time being a continual concept that cannot be stopped. It highlights the eternal nature of purgatory and expands the idea of the inevitability of the drama. Yeats' use of the hoof beats signals the reoccurring cycle, allowing the events to begin and for the audience, who cannot hear the noise, to question the sanity of the Old Man. The simple lighting in the window, the props, stage effects and setting all help form the audience's perception of a void place, therefore a tragic location filled with intensity, as anything more flamboyant would detract from the tragedy and therefore reduce its strength by distracting the attention onto details that do not contribute. Purgatory effectively demonstrates tragic intensity due to the brevity of the drama. This ensures that the audience's focus is concentrated to such an extent on the plot that the drama becomes claustrophobic. There is no scenic juxtaposition, underlying subplot or change in scenery, which exaggerates this overpowering atmosphere and prevents a release from the tragedy – instead, a build-up of tension is created. Visually, the play is very precise and concentrated, and the anxiety of the dialogue is maintained until the final moments of the play, due to Yeats using his characters to produce emotions of fear and terror in the audience. The amount of emotional fluctuations in the short play only heightens the intensity by creating an overwhelming scene which leaves the audience emotionally exhausted before culminating in catharsis. Props and setting are essential to the play as the relevance of the knife and money goes straight to the core of the plot. Because there are no distractions on the stage, tension is created due to the attention and detail and each prop's significance is more obvious and important. The â€Å"jack-knife† relates to a jackdaw – a species of birds that commit mercy killings amongst their flock, echoing the way the Old Man ends up stabbing his son, as it can be interpreted into the act of salvation of his mother. The setting too contains poignant features that are considerably tragic themselves. The tree is a constant reminder of the destruction of the Old Man's family members as Yeats' use of symbolism makes it a representation of his family tree. The house shows the ruins of the family's livelihood and the fall of nobility, increasing the visual intensity seen upon the stage. It is also seen to represent a wider scale issue, the destruction of Ireland, and this symbolism shows the vast ruin of a country concentrated to a mere house. This is intensified as the tragedy is not reduced but shown on a small scale. Harold Bloom1 criticized Purgatory by attacking Yeats, believing there is â€Å"confusion†¦ n the play. † Bloom found the ending of the play a mass of confusion rather than causing the surge of emotions that are evoked at the end of a tragedy. This brings up the debate as to whether Yeats created an intense piece of drama or just a bewildering fifteen minute sketch. However, even if Purgatory is confusing due to the brevity, the mysterious plot can add to the overall tragedy, leaving the audience unsure of what they have witnessed, and fearful due to the rash actions of the Old Man and the presence of the paranormal. In conclusion, Yeats creates a scene with brimming with tragic intensity by using the minimal props, time, characters and plot. The brevity of Purgatory ensures a ‘scene of tragic intensity' due to the resulting starkness, claustrophobia and desolate tone. The horrifying drama concludes with an dark, empty set, which is how it had started, therefore presenting the cyclicality of purgatory on the stage for the audience to see. Yeats successfully moulded every aspect of tragedy at his disposal and created an intensely dramatic production.